Harnessing Earth's Heat
Iceland stands as a global leader in renewable energy, with nearly 100% of its electricity coming from renewable sources—primarily geothermal and hydroelectric power. The island nation sits on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a boundary between tectonic plates that creates exceptional geothermal activity. This unique geological position provides Iceland with abundant underground heat reserves that are tapped through deep wells drilled into volcanic areas. Hot water and steam rise naturally to the surface, where they're captured to drive turbines and generate clean electricity with minimal environmental impact.
Beyond Electricity: The Geothermal Economy
Geothermal energy extends far beyond electricity production in Icelandic society. The same hot water that powers turbines also flows through an extensive district heating system that warms over 90% of Iceland's buildings, eliminating the need for imported fossil fuels for heating. Geothermal resources support a thriving greenhouse industry where tropical fruits and vegetables grow despite the Arctic climate. The country's famous Blue Lagoon and numerous hot springs originated as byproducts of geothermal power plants, creating a tourism industry worth millions annually. This comprehensive utilization of geothermal resources has transformed Iceland from one of Europe's poorest countries to one of its most prosperous while maintaining an exceptionally low carbon footprint. Shutdown123